0000006353 00000 n Intensive efforts were made to enlist additional personnel. [63] In 2012, the IISS estimated that the ground forces had 135,000 personnel and the air force 3,000. Each Riot Division has three battalions with each battalion having about 400 men. [4], In 1977 the national police were re-organized, and a politically reliable commissioner put in command. Ethiopia crime rate & statistics for 2012 was 8.79, a INF% increase from . We have provided a few examples below that you can copy and paste to your site: Your image export is now complete. Ethiopian Police Clearance Certification System Using Face Biometrics. 2 - includes a note indicating British supported SSDAT/DfID/FCO/MOD defense transformation in Ethiopia. 0000011800 00000 n The JFA-PFE provided human rights training for police commissioners and members of the militia in 2008. Emperor Haile Selassie divided the Ethiopian military into separate commands. According to Bahru Zewde, "senior officers were deemed too compromised by close . The following guide will help you understand who the ten most powerful militaries in Africa are and why. The Office of the Chief of Staff of the Imperial Ethiopian Armed Forces directed the Commanders of the Army, Air Force, and Navy, and the three army divisions were directly responsible to the Commander of the Army. Its stated duties are the enforcement of laws and safeguarding constitutional guarantees, the prevention, detection and investigation of crime, the coordination of national state police commissions and development of national policing standards. 86/2003). 30 to 40 Ethiopian officers were trained in Russia from 1901 until 1913. 0000097385 00000 n startxref (b. Sociology #2928. 0000027331 00000 n Intentional homicide does not include all intentional killing; the difference is usually in the organization of the killing. A security committee formulated policy, which then was implemented by the Ministry of Interior. Addis Ababa, January 11, 2021 (FBC) -The 12th joint meeting of federal, regional and city administrations' police commissioners has been opened in Bishoftu town, Oromia regional state. 2008; Vol. By Staff Reporter. The U.S. Department of State states that its contacts within the Ethiopian government report that the findings of investigations into abuses by local security forces, such as arbitrary detentions and beatings of civilians, are rarely made public. 2019 Copyright by Africa's List TM. [14] Prisoners often had less than 22 square feet (2.0m2) of sleeping space in a room that could contain up to 200 persons; sleeping in rotations was not uncommon in regional prisons.[2]. Kliment, Charles K.; Francev, Vladimr (1997). The Ethiopian Federal Police (EFP) was established in 1995 to serve the public, to ensure the observation of human and democratic rights and to maintain the safety and welfare of the public. 7/1992 was issued. The Riot Control Department, in turn, is subdivided into 5 Riot Divisions (the operational arm), and into three auxiliary Divisions: Support Division, Information and Intelligence Division and Training and Appointment Division. In most capitals, street violence is common, but the crime rate in Addis Ababa is lower than almost anywhere in Africa. 0000005703 00000 n 0000020501 00000 n Ethiopia was invaded and occupied by Italy during the Italian invasion of Ethiopia of 193536, marked for Ethiopia's first time being occupied by a foreign power. This entry last reviewed on 01/05/2023. This led to the seizure of Mogadishu by Ethiopian troops and TFG militias and subsequent heavy fighting there. Uniforminsignia.org (Ethiopian Army) Uniforminsignia.org (Ethiopian Air Force) The EFP also has to provide operational support to regional police commissions. This activity is dealt with by the Riot Control Department, which is part of the Crime Prevention Main Department. Basha/Bacha: This rank is considered as the commander of a rifle corps. With the collapse of the Soviet Union Ethiopia again turned to the Western powers for alliance and assistance. The study was conducted in Addis Ababa city, the capital of Ethiopia, with a population of 3,048,631 and total area of 540 km 2.It is a metropolitan city currently structured in ten sub-municipalities (KifleKetemas) and 203 districts (Woredas) [].Federal police, which is the interest of this study, is governed under the accountability of the prime minister and is structured as . The study covered 408 health professionals of all categories working in the different police health facilities found in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, during the study period. The rank insignia of commissioned officers. Geography - note. Powered by Africa's List TM. ), This page was last edited on 29 June 2022, at 19:35. 1893 d. 1964). 10. World Rank. Law enforcement in Ethiopia is dealt with by the Ethiopian Federal Police at federal level and by regional police commissions in the Regions of Ethiopia. [22] By 1956, the First Division had its headquarters at Addis Ababa (First, Second, Third Brigades, 5,300 strong); the Second Division was headquartered at Asmara, with the Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, and Twelfth Brigades (4,500 strong); and Third Division Harar (with the Fourth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Brigades, 6,890 strong) respectively. This page provides the latest reported value for - Ethiopia Corruption Rank - plus previous . 52 58 Ethiopia stands 94/185 economies on the ease of getting electricity. The Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) (Amharic: , romanized:Yefdr mekelakeya erawt, lit. 720/2011, the ranks of police officers are the following from lowest to highest: As of 2015, Ethiopia's prison system consists of six federal prisons, 120 local prisons, and many unofficial detention centers. Transparency International 2019 Corruption Perceptions Index, ranked 96 out of 179 [4] Reporters Without Borders 2020 Press Freedom Index, ranked 99 out of 180 countries [5] World Justice Project Rule of Law Index 2019, ranked 118 out of 126 countries [6] . [18], Ethiopia bought twenty AH-IV tankettes from Czechoslovakia in the late 1940s. The EFP also has to provide operational support to regional police commissions. Since a reorganization in October 2000, the responsibility of the federal police has been transferred to the Federal Police Commission, which oversees the EPF. Corruption within Ethiopia's police is perceived to be rampant. Police ranks, dependent on country, are similar to military ranks in function and design due to policing in many countries developing from military organizations and operations, such as . - ~.~~.). [6] These promising beginnings were snuffed out with Ethiopia's defeat in the Second Italo-Abyssinian War. The role and status of special police forces in Ethiopia remain contested. Police operations generally emphasized punishment rather than prevention. Ethiopian military aviation efforts were initiated in 1929 when Tafari Mekonnen hired two French pilots and purchased four French biplanes. hh\\C1ARX4EI5STII%4!.n"?g9u00\be`d` u4;70bdCAy:sd_Lw12`>;sMof9@0`pdXA"L'7J7f` H]> endobj 54 0 obj <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 55 0 obj <> endobj 56 0 obj <> endobj 57 0 obj <> endobj 58 0 obj [750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 637 683 738 663 503 696 705 888 463 515 827 0 0 821 744 0 515 566 534 515 483 663 497 554 670 546 37 14 252 236 163 191 123 363 375 409 204 86 120 881 881 971 966 858 985 462 637 591 716 613 679 642 796 656 738 888 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1111 750 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 750 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 750 1111 637 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 821 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 750 0 750 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1061 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] endobj 59 0 obj <> endobj 60 0 obj <> endobj 61 0 obj <> endobj 62 0 obj <> endobj 63 0 obj <> endobj 64 0 obj <> endobj 65 0 obj [750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 532 606 0 771 759 594 806 0 567 654 1004 0 0 0 0 0 606 660 590 606 560 716 580 650 770 650 0 0 0 0 0 0 770 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 830 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 750 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 750 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 750 750 532 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 750 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] endobj 66 0 obj <> endobj 67 0 obj <> endobj 68 0 obj <> endobj 69 0 obj <> endobj 70 0 obj [778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 250 333 408 500 500 833 778 180 333 333 500 564 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 278 278 564 564 564 444 921 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 389 722 611 889 722 722 556 722 667 556 611 722 722 944 722 722 611 333 278 333 469 500 333 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 278 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 480 200 480 541 350 500 350 333 500 444 1000 500 500 333 1000 556 333 889 350 611 350 350 333 333 444 444 350 500 1000 333 980 389 333 722 350 444 722 250 333 500 500 500 500 200 500 333 760 276 500 564 333 760 500 400 549 300 300 333 536 453 250 333 300 310 500 750 750 750 444 722 722 722 722 722 722 889 667 611 611 611 611 333 333 333 333 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 564 722 722 722 722 722 722 556 500 444 444 444 444 444 444 667 444 444 444 444 444 278 278 278 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 549 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500] endobj 71 0 obj <>stream At the supreme level, the Federal Police Commissioner is assisted by the Council of Commissioners and directly controls three services and two offices: the Legal Service, the Ethics and Anti Corruption Services, the Public Relation Services, the Office of Commissioner and the Addis Ababa, Diredawa & Regional coordination office. [38] The "Nabalbal" units entered combat in 1977. Ethiopian troops invaded Somalia in 2006 on the pretext of security concerns over Ogaden. Apparently, the President put his signature yesterday on the promotion, which is said to had been submitted by the Prime Minister a while ago. Over the course of four months, I watched this army closely. World Rank. The lower level ranges from constable to chief sergeant, the medium level from deputy inspector to inspector, and the top level from chief inspector to commissioner (Federal Police Regulation No. Further information: Politics of Ethiopia, Government of Ethiopia, and Corruption in Ethiopia. Small arms usually were kept in designated armouries and were issued for specific duties. Do you have a Question, Comment or Concern? Ethiopia In April 2019, we thanked Ethiopia for their service and sacrifice ethiopia_square_photo_en_4.png UN News feature: Ethiopia: A leading contributor to UN peacekeeping efforts image770x420cropped.jpg From the early days of UN peacekeeping to some of today's most vital operations, Ethiopian men and women have played an important role in the Organization's efforts to . However, local militias also provide local security largely independent of the police and the Ethiopian military. Within the EPF, the Special Force is tasked with the duty of keeping peace and security during riots, violence and demonstrations. They think that it is not in any condition to withstand a serious fight with a well-organized European army, claiming that the recent war with Italy doesn't prove anything. [30] This volunteer battalion from the Imperial Bodyguard were authorized by the Emperor. The Federal Police is the most fearsome weapon of the TPLF party. Ethiopian government forces summarily executed a 17-year-old boy in Ethiopia's Oromia region in broad daylight, Human Rights Watch said today. Prison and pretrial detention center conditions remained harsh and in some cases life-threatening. National Defence Day is celebrated annually on 14 February, and serves as the holiday of the ENDF. It is celebrated for four days. Larger police units, such as the one in Addis Ababa, were also equipped with modern military vehicles, which were used as patrol cars and police vans. Creation noted by "Ethiopia: Mengestu Survives By His Fingertips". Like everything else concocted by the late criminal the Federal Police is a uniquely Ethiopian force supposedly created to resemble other Federal institutions in the developed West. % % P(li'7=:C]ORc;G]QW{z_BL3#gE}Yjj(h3=M8C\C!!g8|zT"e The Ethiopian Federal Police was established in 1995 to serve the public, to ensure the observation of human and democratic rights and to maintain the safety and welfare of the public. Recently, though Ethiopia has dropped to the 7th rank according to Global Fire Power. 0000016019 00000 n Please check your download folder. [26] While technically the Imperial Bodyguard (Kebur Zabagna) was responsible to the Army Commander, in reality, its commander received his orders directly from the Emperor. [2] At the same time, new ranks were introduced to the ENDF.[3]. In 1579, the Ottoman Empire's attempt to expand from a coastal base at Massawa during the Ottoman conquest of Habesh was defeated. However, that number was later reduced, and in January 2007, during the War in Somalia, Ethiopian forces were said to comprise about 300,000 troops. World Rank. Instead, they began to draw their equipment and their sources for organizational and training methods from the Soviet Union and other Comecon countries, especially Cuba. Whilst the government is committed to a range of policies designed to boost agricultural production, education and the provision of socio-economic services, poverty and food [11], The Ethiopian Federal Police is in charge of riot control. In fact, Ethiopian criminals are more inclined to act in a . In criminal investigation and police It is known that they graduated from Science studies with certificate and rank transfer. 0000006173 00000 n 0000002977 00000 n As a result of these changes, by 1982 the strength of the national police had declined to about 17,000. Established first in Ethiopia's Somali region in 2007 to conduct counter-insurgency operations and riot control, special police quickly spread to all other regions of Ethiopia. The Ethiopian army had been able to execute the strategic plan of Menelik's headquarters, despite a feudal system of organization and adverse circumstances. History #13476. The information was leaked before the official independent report was handed to . Resembling paramilitary forces, the regional special police units are well armed and receive . 0000096092 00000 n On Jul 17, 2021 918. The Ethiopian Federal Police force was created in 1995 to maintain law and order at the federal level (including riot control) and to investigate organized crime. [25] The three divisions seemingly included the Third Division in the Ogaden, seen as a hardship post. Ranks and conventional units were only adopted in 1996. The Ethiopian Federal Police (EFP) was established in 1995 to serve the public, to ensure the observation of human and democratic rights and to maintain the safety and welfare of the public. 4) "Medical Institution" means a police hospital, a medical center in the training institution or other institution which provides medical services to the police. It is unique in the world. The Federal Police Crime Investigation Sector, commonly known as Maekelawi, is a federal police station located in Ethiopia's capital, Addis Ababa. We have provided a few examples below that you can copy and paste to your site: Your data export is now complete. was 120 (13%) of which 47 (5%) were diabetes and 73 (8%) were impaired fasting glucose. General, while 3 Brg. 0000098470 00000 n Assisted by all of the major nobles of Ethiopia, including Tekle Haymanot of Gojjam, Ras Makonnen, Ras Mengesha Yohannes, Mikael of Wollo, and Menelik II struck a powerful blow against the Italian army. Discover short videos related to ethiopian police rank on TikTok. w^%Q)v+>ahX|/qwE On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [4], Local control over police was minimal,[clarification needed] despite imperial proclamations that granted police authority to governors general of the provinces. ", "Massacres in Bora Selewa and Debre Abay", Ethiopias leader says atrocities reported in Tigray war, Le atrocit commesse dai soldati amhara in Tigray, "Ethiopian army eager to learn from U.S. soldiers", "Ethiopian peacekeeping missions in Burundi", "Ethiopian troops awarded UN peacekeeping medals", "More Ethiopian troops arrive in Darfur bolstering peacekeeping operation", "Ethiopia celebrated 7th National Defense Day", "RDF Joins Ethiopia For Defence Day Celebration", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ethiopian_National_Defense_Force&oldid=1135072983, First Revolutionary Army (headquartered at, Second Revolutionary Army (headquartered at, Third Revolutionary Army (headquartered at, Fourth Revolutionary Army (headquartered at, Fifth Revolutionary Army (headquartered at, Adejumobi and Binega, Budgeting for the Military Sector in Africa, Ch. It estimates its own size at around 30,000 personnel. "[14], In obedience to the agreement with Russia and the order of Menelik II, First Ethiopian officers began to be trained at the First Russian cadet school in 1901. Other special units joined the augmented 9,000-member paramilitary Mobile Emergency Police Force for employment in counterinsurgency operations. NCOs, and junior officers up to the rank of major. [citation needed], Modernization of the army took place under the regency of Tafari Mekonnen, who later reigned as Emperor Haile Selassie I. At 1,126,829 square kilometres (435,071sqmi),[2] Ethiopia is the world's 27th-largest country. [27] He became Ras, a general and minister of defense of the Imperial Ethiopian Armed Forces until his death in the 1960 Ethiopian coup attempt. [2], Prison conditions have been reported as unsanitary and there was no budget for prison maintenance. The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel. Generals became Major Generals. It is the highest military rank during peacetime but has not been conferred since . In 1991 Mengistu's government was overcome by the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ, former EPLF), Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) and other opposition factions. Ethiopian criminals are not known to be violent; crime in Ethiopia is normally opportunistic, non-violent and non-confrontational. While Ethiopia is a landlocked country, it is in the process of reestablishing a Blue-water navy. Learn how and when to remove this template message, Ethiopian order of battle in the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, International Institute for Strategic Studies, Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front, Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa, United Nations Security Council Resolution 1509, United NationsAfrican Union Mission in Darfur, United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei, "Ethiopian Parliament approves 1.8 billion dollar budget for Military", "Russia delivered Pantsir-S1 air defense missile-gun systems to Ethiopia", "Is Ethiopia Flying Iranian-Made Armed Drones? On the march, each soldier knows how to arrange necessary comforts for himself and to conserve his strength; but on the other hand, when necessary, he shows such endurance and is capable of action in conditions which are difficult even to imagine. Severe overcrowding was a problem. The law is above . Earlier that year, prison populations decreased by 10,000 due to pardons but reportedly again increased due to increases in ethnic conflict and economic crimes. The Deputy Commissioner also commands the Ethics police college, the Human Resources and Administration and the Research and Planning departments. See Gebru Tareke, The Ethiopia-Somalia War of 1977 Revisited. Though Ethiopia is one of the largest troop contributors to UN Peacekeeping, there is no big academic literature on it to describe how and why Ethiopia is able to send a large number of troops mostly to the conict ridden the Horn of Africa. However, local militias also provide local security largely independent of the police and the Ethiopian military. 1880 d. 1964); April 1943 1949: Major General Algernon Edward COTTAM, O.B.E., M.C. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. When the Derg gained control of Ethiopia, they lessened their reliance on the West. Russian military experts advising Menelik II suggested trying to achieve full battle collision with Italians, to neutralize the superior firepower of their opponent and potentially nullify their problems with arms, training, and organization, rather than engaging in a campaign of harassment. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [5] This was followed in 1935 by the establishment of formal, British-trained police forces in Addis Ababa and four other cities. Many crimes were considered to be matters concerning only the persons involved and were often ignored by the police unless one of the interested parties filed a complaint. . Most of these were built under the Derg regime which planned a large military industrial complex. [36] The 18th and 19th Mountain Infantry Divisions were then established in 1979-80 originally to seize Nakfa, in the Sahel Mountains, one of the remaining strongholds of the Eritrean insurgents. Cuba provided a significant influx of military advisors and troops over this period, with the largest escalation during the Ogaden War with Somalia, supported by a Soviet airlift:[44], Gebru Tareke listed Ethiopian ground forces in 1990 as comprising four revolutionary armies organized as task forces, eleven corps, twenty-four infantry divisions, and four mountain divisions, reinforced by five mechanized divisions, two airborne divisions, and ninety-five brigades, including four mechanized brigades, three artillery brigades, four tank brigades, twelve special commandos and para commandos brigades including the Spartakiad, which became operational in 1987 under the preparation and guidance of North Koreans seven BM-rocket battalions, and ten brigades of paramilitary forces. Following the war's end, the Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission, a body founded by the UN, established that the Badme region had in fact belonged to Eritrea. The daily meal budget was approximately 9 birr (US 43 cents) per prisoner, and many prisoners supplemented this with daily food deliveries from their family or by purchasing food from local vendors. 0000098650 00000 n Federal Research Division. Training standards were not uniform, and, unless it took place in Addis Ababa, in-service or specialized training was limited. [14] In October 2008 it was reported that there were 52,000 persons in prison. Generally, they were employed in administrative positions or as guards for female prisoners. Battalions are further subdivided into Platoons and both layers have their own equipment. The Ethiopian army's origins and military traditions date back to the earliest history of Ethiopia. The Deputy Commissioner also commands the Ethics police college, the Human Resources and Administration and the Research and Planning departments. Under this proclamation, the national and regional states were vested with the power of establishing their own police forces. [1] On 8 January 2022, the rank of field marshal general was awarded for the first time to Birhanu Jula. [71] The Darfur mission was shut down in 202021. According to Ethiopian Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson Ambassador Dina Mufti, the Ethiopian military's decision to join AMISOM is intended to render the peacekeeping operation more secure. In 1916 the imperial government formed a civilian municipal guard in Addis Ababa to ensure obedience to legal proclamations. Its stated duties are the enforcement of laws and safeguarding constitutional guarantees, the prevention, detection and investigation of crime, the coordination of national state police commissions and development of national policing standards. The general public despised the municipal guard, nearly all of whose members were inefficient at preserving public order or investigating criminal activities.[4]. Ethiopia has served in various United Nations and African Union peacekeeping missions. . 0000002816 00000 n Police posts were found in all cities and larger towns and at strategic points along the main roads in the countryside. The air force and the naval organizations are also a significant part of Ethiopia military . A person working in Teaching / Education in Ethiopia typically earns around 9,440 ETB per month. [4], As a rule, police in constabulary units were armed only with batons. National police officers were paid according to the same standardized wage scale that applied to members of the armed forces. 0000011972 00000 n According to the re president Sahlework Zewde, the main mission of the police is to ensure the rule of law. However, with Ethiopia surrounded by European colonies, the necessity of ensuring that the Ethiopian army was well-maintained became apparent to the Ethiopian government. On 25 September 1953, Selassie created the Imperial Ministry of National Defense that unified the Army, Air Force, and Navy. They were used until the 1980s when they participated in the fighting against Somalia. It is bordered by Eritrea to the north and northeast, Djibouti and Somalia to the east, Sudan and South Sudan to the west, and Kenya to the south. The country lost its access to the Red Sea in 1992 when Eritrea gained its independence from Ethiopia. [3] Police ranks, dependent on country, are similar to military ranks[4][5] in function and design due to policing in many countries developing from military organizations and . Being a Landlocked country, Ethiopia does not have a navy. Kaliti Prison is a federal prison on the southern outskirts of Addis Ababa. The Commission reports to the Ministry of Peace following the politically motivated reform of 2018, which in turn is responsible to the parliament; however, this subordination is loose in practice. In 1960 the U.S. Army Area Handbook for Ethiopia described the very personalized command arrangements then used by the Emperor:[24], The Emperor is by constitutional provision Commander-in-Chief, and to him are reserved all rights respecting the size of the forces and their organization and command, together with the power to appoint, promote, transfer and dismiss military officers. Awarded for the first time to Birhanu Jula killing ; the difference is usually in the fighting Somalia. Against Somalia ) ; April 1943 1949: major General Algernon Edward,... Ogaden, seen as a hardship post for specific duties efforts were initiated in 1929 when Tafari hired. 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