The next year, when her sons were mixed up with Buckingham, she was removed from that appointment, but later restored to it by 1525. 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Or was there, as she claimed, nothing worth burning? It was Mores execution far more than those of Anne Boleyn or Thomas Cromwell or Margaret Pole which established the kings reputation for capricious cruelty. Likewise, Henry became understandably angry at the papacys refusal to repudiate Charles. Henry was negotiating a glorious marriage for Prince Arthur, to a daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella. It was during this trip that he began to write Utopia, his most famous work. This is what Margaret is now, besides paper and ink, and the ruins of her palaces: pieces of breastbone and pelvis, a single finger bone and four vertebrae. Margaret was a daughter of George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence and Isabella Neville. She was a patron of the New Learning, like many Renaissance noblewomen; Gentian Hervet had translated Erasmus' de immensa misericordia Dei (The Great Mercy of God) into English for her. As a boy, More spent some time in the household of John Morton, Archbishop of Canterbury. As Countess of Salisbury, Margaret managed her lands well and by 1538 she was the fifth richest peer in England. Joan, wife of John Langton. In The Kings Curse (2014) she was ground up by the great fictionalising machine that is Philippa Gregory, and in 2003 she was the subject of a major biography by Hazel Pierce: Margaret Pole: Loyalty, Lineage and Leadership. Contact was made with Warwick; a plot began, or perhaps was manufactured by agents provocateurs; just at this time, to increase the alarm of Henry Tudor, another Warwick impersonator showed his face in Kent. The countess was to look after the little girls health and diet, ensure that she did not wear herself out in learning French and Latin, and see that her immediate environment was kept spotless, so that everything about her be pure, sweet, clean and wholesome, as to so great a princess doth appertain. It mattered to London shopkeepers, and to great churchmen. He never explicitly courted controversy, but he felt compelled to answer the reformers such as William Tyndale. Thick as thieves, More and the king continued to establish a close relationship, with More rising up in the ranks. 3. She was the niece of Edward IV and Richard III of England by way of their brother George Plantagenet, 1 st Duke of Clarence. I have a feeling that Edward and Thomas had an even closer relationship when their brother Henry was around. May 28, 2015. The chronology defeated observers, as if her life stretched back into a fabulous era when dragons roamed. We can't imagine how Margaret was feeling, she was 65 years of age when brought to the tower in 1539, an advanced age by the standards of the day. Mores only communication with Barton had been to warn her against meddling in affairs of state. She, her grandson, Henry (son of her own son Henry), and Exeter's son were held together and supported by the king. Born on the 14th August 1473, she went on to marry Sir Richard Pole in 1491. Was More surprised by this speech? Margaret Pole was restored to a position as lady-in-waiting, which helped her financial situation. He read anything and everything he could find on the subject. ODNB, "Reginald Pole"; "Geoffrey Pole". The accounts differ slightly; Marillac's report, dispatched two days afterwards, recorded that the execution took place in a corner of the Tower with so few people present that, in the evening, news of her execution was doubted. He worked eight years as undersheriff and proved himself an impartial judge and able administrator. He later studied at . . But no one could be sure they were dead, and not escaped abroad, or living under assumed names. Mary's household was broken up at the end of the year, and Margaret asked to serve Mary at her own cost, but was not permitted. Two written eyewitness reports survived her execution: one by Marillac, the French ambassador, and the other by Chapuys, ambassador to the Holy Roman Emperor. What a contemporary described as her nobility and goodness soon put her back in royal favour. He had an illegitimate son, called Henry Fitzroy, by one of his early mistresses. [3], Margaret was born at Farleigh Castle in Somerset, the only surviving daughter of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence, and his wife Isabel Neville, who was the elder daughter of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, and his wife Anne Beauchamp, 16th Countess of Warwick. letters@lrb.co.uk To ease the situation, Margaret devoted her third son, Reginald Pole, to the Church; he was to have an eventful career as a papal Legate and later as Archbishop of Canterbury. One of her children, Reginald Pole, would go on to become a cardinal, and then . Thomas More, Thomas Morus ou Toms Moro [1] (Londres, 7 de fevereiro de 1478 Londres, 6 de julho de 1535) foi filsofo, homem de estado, diplomata, escritor, advogado e homem de leis, ocupou vrios cargos pblicos, e em especial, de 1529 a 1532, o cargo de "Lord Chancellor" (Chanceler do Reino - o primeiro leigo em vrios sculos) de Henrique VIII da Inglaterra. Margaret was 14, and probably remained at court rather than living with her husband. Margaret Pole was George Duke of Clarence daughter. In 1512, an Act of Parliament restored to Margaret the Earldom of Salisbury and some of her brother's land which had belonged to it, for which she paid 5000 marks (2666.13s.4d), equivalent to 2,164,602 in 2021. In 1886, Margaret would be beatified by Pope Leo XIII as a martyr to Henrys regime. Two days later, a four-count indictment charging More with treason was presented to the commission. Even special physicians summoned from Spain could not help the queen to conceive again. There are panel paintings of Pole in the following churches: There are stained glass windows of Pole in the following churches: On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Cardinal and archbishop of Canterbury.Pole was a younger son of Margaret, countess of Salisbury, daughter of George, duke of Clarence: he was therefore of the blood royal and his mother was governess and companion of Princess Mary.Intended from the beginning for the church, he spent 1521-7 on the continent in study. [2] As one of the few members of the House of Plantagenet to have survived the Wars of the Roses, she was executed in 1541 at the command of King Henry VIII, the second monarch of the House of Tudor, who was the son of her first cousin, Elizabeth of York. It was granted, and the wealthy widow became stepmother to his four children, and More stepfather to her daughter and son. Elizabeth Darrell, later Thomas Wyatts mistress, refused the oath; Lady Hussey, wife of one of Marys household, was imprisoned because she would not accept Marys exclusion from the succession and insisted on addressing her as a princess. Ursula married into the powerful Stafford family; of Margarets sons, only Reginald did not marry; by the age of seven he was given utterly to God. Reginald Pole, (born March 3, 1500, Stourton Castle, Staffordshire, Eng.died Nov. 17, 1558, London), English prelate who broke with King Henry VIII over Henry's antipapal policies and later became a cardinal and a powerful figure in the government of the Roman Catholic queen Mary Tudor. (Edward would have had a better right to the throne as son of Richards older brother.) Lewis, Jone Johnson. In some cases, they conspired against the crown while claiming, if it went badly, that their weak female brains had been addled by male influence, and that fragility and brittleness allowed their trust to be easily abused. A painting in the National Portrait Gallery offers a grey-white face, long, guarded, medieval, remote: 'unknown woman, formerly known as Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury'. 83 ratings9 reviews. They were preventing her marriage to the king. At this point, Reginald delivered him a nasty surprise, in the shape of a letter denouncing him as a schismatic, heretic and disgrace to Christendom: a Nero, a wild beast. When Margaret was only four years old, her father was killed in the Tower of London where he was imprisoned for rebelling again against his brother, Edward IV; rumor was that he was drowned in a butt of Malmsey wine. He handled his responsibilities with his usual skill, but it was a balancing act, and an increasingly dangerous one. When historical novelists are looking for ways to empower their heroines they opt for making them hotshot herbalists or minxy witches. Pope Paul III put him in charge of organising assistance for the Pilgrimage of Grace (and related movements). She began to write for the. Link will appear as Hanson, Marilee. The date of the marriage is uncertain; 1487 is likely. The Editor Elizabeth Throckmorton. Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots. Perhaps his earlier justification for the annulment had been a matter of self-interest, a selective interpretation of opaque text. Credit: PjrWindows / Alamy Stock Photo. Not only did this mean that Margaret came of royal stock, but it meant that she came from the family that was historically opposed to the reign of the Tudors, a fact that would affect her throughout her life. Thomas More was beheaded in 1535 for his refusal to accept the Acts of Supremacy and the Act of Succession (1534) of Henry VIII of England and swear allegiance to Henry as head of the English Church. Hilary Mantel. [10], When Mary was declared a bastard in 1533, Margaret refused to give Mary's gold plate and jewels back to Henry. In this first biography of a significant female figure in the male-dominated world of British Tudor politics, Hazel Pierce reconsiders the life and martyrdom of Catholic duchess Margaret Pole against the changing social and political landscape of her times. ThoughtCo. When Arthur died in 1502, the Poles lost that position. This is Aalto. She built herself a castle at Warblington, close to the sea on the Hampshire-Sussex border. Richard Pole was appointed to the household of Arthur, eldest son of Henry VII and Prince of Wales, heir apparent. She would have been a widow when the portrait was painted, but she holds a sprig of honeysuckle, symbol of love and marriage. Margaret and Richard Pole had five children, born between about 1492 and 1504: four sons and the youngest a daughter. And so, when More returned from a diplomatic mission to France in summer 1527, the king laid the open Bible before his favorite councilor. The hands are the standard-issue long-fingered type; a black ribbon, added later, may conceal damage to the paint. Stoke was a decisive victory. And "Look," we say, "look, I'm anchored! There was a feeling in England that a new era had begun. Now he decided to seriously test his religious convictions. By 1520, as an indication of the trust placed in her, she had been appointed lady governor to the Princess Mary, born in 1516 and the only child of the royal marriage to survive for more than a few weeks. Henry Tudor had the real Warwick in custody, and was able to produce him, so the rebellion came to nothing. Margaret, wife of Sir William Harington. 3.67. In 1485, he was defeated and killed at the Battle of Bosworth by Henry Tudor, who succeeded him as Henry VII. Rather, he felt that he could be more effective in the city itself, not closeted away amongst the nobles and councilors of Henrys court. Calculate relationship; Relationship with x x (Sosa/Ahnentafel #1) Relationship with Thomas Chaworth (spouse) More . Certainly Henry wanted Mores support. To my principles!". Henry VIIIs later statements to the contrary, his marriage to Katharine began happily and continued so for some years. Based in North Carolina, Higginbotham is a lawyer by background and has written several historical novels, spanning different eras. I am no traitor, no, not I! He collected books and rare objects, but he gave away his possessions freely as well. Sir Thomas de la Pole was born circa 1378. Towards the block I shall not go! The new pretender, Ralph Wilford, was arrested and killed before the conspiracy bred any action. His father was not supportive, but More was fully prepared to be disowned rather than disobey Gods will. It was a small mercy. She served later as a governess to Mary. She was born on the 14th August 1473 and married Sir Richard Pole in 1491, having five children before she was widowed in 1505. After her husband's death, Margaret acted as regent for her son James V, from 1513-1515. Basically, they disliked and mistrusted one another. Although a jury of twelve men would have . It was not a bloodbath, but a selective cull, carried through by process of law. Our Lady of Lourdes in Harpenden, Hertfordshire. Margaret's mother died when she was three; her father had two servants killed when he thought they had poisoned her. The popular image is of a man principled, steadfast, courageous who placed his own conscience above his kings demands. 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